Contraindications and limitations may include the following:

• Obesity
• Recent surgery in the region of exam, the presence of intravenous lines, casts, surgical staples/dressings, open wounds, hematoma
• Patients with severe edema/swelling
• Previous vein harvesting or stripping
• Involuntary movement or inability to remain still during examination
• Studies done at the bedside may be limited due to patient access and room dimensions.