Common indications for performance of this examination include, but are not limited to:

• Screening children with sickle cell disease for stroke risk
• Identification and monitoring of vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage
• Detection of intracranial arterial stenosis or occlusion
• Assessment of cerebral vasomotor reactivity
• Support the clinical diagnosis of brain death
• Monitoring the effects of thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke patients
• Evaluation of extracranial stenosis on intracranial hemodynamics
• Detection of cerebral embolization
• Contrast enhanced detection of right-to-left cardiac/extracardiac shunts
• Intra-operative monitoring during carotid endarterectomy or coronary artery bypass graft procedures