* An additional 'a' can be added to each clinical class for asymptomatic patients and an 's' for symptoms.
Symptoms include: ache, pain, tightness, skin irritation, heaviness, muscle cramps, as well as other complaints attributable to venous dysfunction.
Modified from Eklöf B, Rutherford RB, Bergan JJ, Carpentier PH, Gloviczki P, Kistner RL, et al. Revision of the CEAP classification for chronic venous disorders: Consensus statement. J Vasc Surg 2004;40:1248-52.
Gloviczki P et al. The care of patients with varicose veins and associated chronic venous diseases: Clinical practice guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery and the American Venous Forum J Vasc Surg 2011;53:2S-48S
Joseph L. Mills, Sr, MD,a Michael S. Conte, MD,b David G. Armstrong, DPM, MD, PhD,a Frank B. Pomposelli, MD,c Andres Schanzer, MD,d Anton N. Sidawy, MD, MPH,e and George Andros, MD,f on behalf of the Society for Vascular Surgery Lower Extremity Guidelines Committee, Tucson, Ariz; San Francisco and Van Nuys, Calif; Brighton and Worcester, Mass; and Washington, D.C. The Society for Vascular Surgery Lower Extremity Threatened Limb Classification System: Risk stratification based on Wound, Ischemia, and foot Infection (WIfI). J Vasc Surg 2014;59:220-34.