Lp(a) (mg/L)
Indications for testing
  • Further risk assessment particularly in individuals with a family history of premature CVD
Frequency for testing
  • Genetically determined risk factor
  • Repeat testing not required
Normal range
  • <300 mg/L (Lp(a) 300-700 mg/L confers ~1.3X increased risk, >800 mg/L ~1.5X increased CVD risk)
hsCRP (g/L)
Indications for testing
  • Men >50 years of age and women >60 years of age who are not candidates for statin Rx based on conventional risk factors
Frequency for testing
  • Every 3 years from age 50 (males) and age 60 (females)
  • If >2.0 mg/L, repeat in 2-4 weeks, use lower value for risk assessment
Normal range
  • Lowest risk <1.0
  • Increased risk >2.0 (hsCRP >2 mg/L is associated with ~1.5-2.0X increased CVD risk)
  • High-risk >3.0
A1C (%)
Indications for testing
  • Further risk assessment in selected subjects with FPG >5.6 mmol/L
Frequency for testing
  • Every 1-5 years
  • More frequently if weight gain or increased FBG
Normal range
  • Low-risk <5.5%
  • Mid-risk 5.5-5.9%
  • High-risk 6.0-6.4% (HbA1C 6.0-6.5% is associated with ~1.5-1.8X increased CVD risk)
  • Diabetes >6.5%
Urinary ACR (mg/mmol)
Indications for testing
  • Type 2 diabetes
  • Poorly controlled hypertension
  • Selected patients who are not candidates for statin Rx based on conventional risk factors
Frequency for testing
  • Every year for patients with type 2 diabetes or poorly controlled hypertension
Normal range
  • <3.0 mg/mmol

ACR: albumin:creatinine ratio; CVD: cardiovascular disease; FBG: fasting blood glucose; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; Lp(a): lipoprotein (a).