RHYTHM II
Comparison
Echo-optimized VV timing vs nominal VV settings
Results
No difference in QOL, NYHA or 6MW
DECREASE-HF
Comparison
Simultaneous VV pacing vs EGM optimized VV timing
Results
No difference in LV volumes or EF
FREEDOM
Comparison
Clinically optimized AV and VV timing vs serial EGM optimized AV and VV timing
Results
No difference in clinical outcomes or functional measures
CLEAR
Comparison
Echo optimized AV and VV timing vs automatic adjustment of AV delays via contractility sensor
Results
Improved clinical response with the contractility sensor
SMART AV
Comparison
Echo optimized AV and VV timing vs EGM optimized AV and VV timing vs fixed AV (120 ms) and VV (0 ms)
Results
No difference in LV volumes, EF, or functional measures

AV, atrioventricular; CLEAR, Clinical Evaluation on Advanced Resynchronization; DECREASE-HF, Device Evaluation of CONTAK RENEWAL 2 and EASYTRAK 2: Assessment of Safety and Effectiveness in Heart Failure; EF, ejection fraction; EGM, electrogram; FREEDOM, Frequent Optimization Study Using the QuickOpt Method; LV, left ventricular; 6MW, 6-minute walk; NYHA, New York Heart Association; QOL, quality of life; RHYTHM II, Resynchronization for Hemodynamic Treatment for Heart Failure Management II; SMART-AV, SmartDelay Determined AV Optimization: A Comparison of AV Optimization Methods Used in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy; VV, interventricular.

Modified from Exner et al. with permission from Elsevier