We suggest that patients with AF/AFL who have stable CAD should receive antithrombotic therapy selected based upon their risk of stroke (ASA for most CHADS<sub>2</sub> = 0 and OAC for most CHADS<sub>2</sub> &ge; 1). (Recommendation Conditional, Quality Moderate)<br /><br />We suggest that patients with AF/AFL who have experienced ACS or who have undergone PCI, should receive antithrombotic therapy selected based on a balanced assessment of their risks of stroke, of recurrent coronary artery events, and of hemorrhage associated with the use of combinations of antithrombotic therapies, which in patients at higher risk of stroke may include ASA plus clopidogrel plus OAC. (Recommendation Conditional, Quality Low)