We suggest that patients at low risk of stroke (CHADS<sub>2</sub> = 0) should have additional risk factors for stroke considered (including age 65-74 years, female sex, and presence of vascular disease). (Recommendation Conditional, Quality Moderate)<br/><br/>We suggest OAC therapy for patients at highest risk within this category (age greater than age 65 or the combination of female sex and vascular disease); ASA (75-325 mg/day) for patients at lower risk within this category (female sex or vascular disease); and no antithrombotic therapy for those patients at lowest risk in this category (no additional risk factors). (Recommendation Conditional, Quality Low)<br/>
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<b>Values and preferences: </b>Among patients at higher risk, this recommendation places greater weight on the strokes prevented by OAC and ASA and less weight on the major bleeds caused. Among patients at lowest risk, this recommendation places greater weight on the inconvenience, costs, and risks (major hemorrhage) with OAC and ASA and relatively less weight on the strokes prevented.