We recommend that patients with asymptomatic lone AF, in whom AF is not expected to affect cardiac outcome, should not be considered for surgical therapy for AF. (Recommendation Strong, Quality Low)<br /><br /><b>Values and preferences: </b>This recommendation recognizes that patients with lone AF are at low risk for stroke or other adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Thus, elimination of AF in the absence of a high number of symptoms is unlikely to result in an improvement in quality of life.