| Doppler echocardiography of the valve |
|---|
| Peak velocity/peak gradient Mean gradient DVI* EOA* Presence, location, and severity of regurgitation |
| Related cardiac chambers |
| RV size, function, and hypertrophy; RV systolic pressure** |
*Theoretically possible to calculate; few data exist.
**The RV dimensions are helpful only for patients who had normal right ventricles prior to valve replacement (ie, Ross procedure).