Peak velocity (m/s)**, ****
Normal*: <1.9
Possible stenosis***: 1.9-2.5
Suggests significant stenosis***: ≥2.5
Mean gradient (mm Hg)**, ****
Normal*: ≤5
Possible stenosis***: 6-10
Suggests significant stenosis***: >10
VTIPrMv/VTILVO**, ****
Normal*: <2.2
Possible stenosis***: 2.2-2.5
Suggests significant stenosis***: >2.5
EOA (cm2)
Normal*: ≤2.0
Possible stenosis***: 1-2
Suggests significant stenosis***: <1
PHT (ms)
Normal*: <130
Possible stenosis***: 130-200
Suggests significant stenosis***: >200

PHT, Pressure half-time; PrMV, prosthetic mitral valve.
*Best specificity for normality or abnormality is seen if the majority of the parameters listed are normal or abnormal, respectively.
**Slightly higher cutoff values than shown may be seen in some bioprosthetic valves.
***Values of the parameters should prompt a closer evaluation of valve function and/or other considerations such as increased flow, increased heart rate, or PPM.
****These parameters are also abnormal in the presence of significant prosthetic MR.