| Mean ± SD | Abnl threshold |
|---|---|
| TAPSE (mm) | |
| 24 ± 3.5 | <17 |
| Pulsed Doppler S wave (cm/sec) | |
| 14.1 ± 2.3 | <9.5 |
| Color Doppler S wave (cm/sec) | |
| 9.7 ± 1.85 | <6.0 |
| RV fractional area change (%) | |
| 49 ± 7 | <35 |
| RV free wall 2D strain* (%) | |
| -29 ± 4.5 | >-20 (<20 in magnitude with the negative sign) |
| RV 3D EF (%) | |
| 58 ± 6.5 | <45 |
| Pulsed Doppler MPI | |
| 0.26 ± 0.085 | >0.43 |
| Tissue Doppler MPI | |
| 0.38 ± 0.08 | >0.54 |
| E wave deceleration time (msec) | |
| 180 ± 31 | <119 or >242 |
| E/A | |
| 1.4 ± 0.3 | <0.8 or >2.0 |
| e'/a' | |
| 1.18 ± 0.33 | <0.52 |
| e' | |
| 14.0 ± 3.1 | <7.8 |
| E/e' | |
| 4.0 ± 1.0 | >6.0 |
MPI, Myocardial performance index.
*Limited data; values may vary depending on vendor and software version.